Thomas Baranauskas
Ancient Lithuanian names
The ancient Lithuanian names, like the names of other Indo-European peoples, are divided into four main groups: 1) dibasic names, 2) abbreviated forms of dibasic names, 3) names formed from the abbreviated form with a suffix, 4) appellate names (common words that turned into names). The following is the etymology of the dibasic personal names of the most famous figures of medieval Lithuania.
Dibasic names
Lithuanian dibasic names are composed of a certain number of repeating roots, which are combined in many combinations (rarer roots are also found). Often two names can consist of the same roots, connected in reverse order, for example: Butginas - Gimbutas (from Gintibutas), Gailiminas - Mingaila, Kantrimas - Rimkantas, Mantvilas - Vilmantas, Norvaishas - Vaishnauras, Rimtautas - Tautrimas, Tautgina, Tautvydas - Vytautas (from Vidtautas), Tautvilas - Viltautas, etc. Often such roots have etymological correspondences in Slavic languages. For example, the root "Rome" (from rimtis “Calm”) corresponds to the Slavic “world”, and the root “taut” (from tauta “People”) - to the Slavic “glories” (specific people, Slavs). Thus, the pair of names Rimtautas - Tautrimas corresponds to the Slavic pair Miroslav - Slavomir. Literal correspondences are also observed in some other cases, for example, Mindaugas fully corresponds to the Polish name Bolemysl, and Gintautas (Tautginas) - to Bronislav (also Greek to Alexander).
Lithuanian name
Etymology
Estimated value
The names of the Grand Dukes and representatives of the Grand Duchy
Algirdas (Olgerd)
alga "reward"
girdas "hearing, news" ( girdėti "hear")
Known for the reward
Butautas (Butovt)
būtis "being" ( būti "be", butas "house, apartment", būtinas "necessary")
tauta "people"
Necessary for the people Butividas (Budivid)
būtis "being" ( būti "be", butas "house, apartment", būtinas "necessary")
iš vydo "he u vieweating "
The one to be seen
Butigadeis (Budikid)
būtis "being" ( būti "be", butas "house, apartment", būtinas "necessary")
geidė "he desired"
Necessary and desirable
Vaishalgas (Wojselg)
vaišės "treat" ( vaišingumas "hospitality")
alga "reward"
Rewarding hospitality
Vytautas (Vytautas)
iš vydo "he u vieweating "
tauta "people"
Visible to the people (cf. also Tautvydas)
Gedividas (Single)
gedauti "yearn"
iš vydo "he u vieweating "
Seeking to see
Gediminas (Gediminas)
gedauti "yearn"
mintis "thought"
Striving to think
Dauyotas (Dovyat)
daug "a lot"
joti "ride"
Horseback riding
Dausprungas (Dovsprung)
daug "a lot"
sprangus "hard to swallow" ( springti "choke")
A lot of resistance
Daumantas (Dovmont)
daug "a lot"
manta "wealth, property"
Having a lot of wealth
žygis "camping"
manta "wealth, property"
Rich in trekking (from trekking), trekking wealth
Yogaila (Jagiello, Jagello)
joti "ride"
gailas out of date. strong ( galia "power", galiūnas strongman)
Strong horseman
Caributas (Korbut)
karas "war"
būtis "being", būtinas "necessary"
Necessary in war (being war)
Karigaila (Korigailo)
karas "war"
gailas out of date. strong ( galia "power", galiūnas strongman)
Hero of war
Kariyotas (Koryat)
karas "war"
joti "ride"
Horseman of war
Lubartas (Lubort)
liūvis "termination" ( liauti "stop")
barti "scold in ancient times - fight "
Stopping the fight
Mantividas (Montivid)
manta "wealth, property"
iš vydo "he u vieweating "
Seer of wealth
mintis "thought"
daug "a lot"
A lot of thinking (cf. Polish. Bolemysl)
Narimantas (Narimont)
noras "desire"
manta "wealth, property"
Wishing wealth
Skalmantas (Skolomend)
skalyti "speak loudly, scream"
manta "wealth, property"
Glorified by wealth
Tautvilas (Tovtivil)
tauta "people"
viltis "hope"
People's hope
Shvitrigaila (Svidrigailo)
švitrus "fast, agile"
gailas out of date. strong ( galia "power", galiūnas "strong man")
Artful Strongman
Some other names
Algimantas (Olgimont)
alga "reward"
manta "wealth, property"
Rewarded with wealth
Butrimas (Butrym)
būtis "being" ( būti "be", butas "house, apartment", būtinas "necessary")
rimtis "calm"
Necessary calmness (being calm)
Valmantas
valioti "be able to" ( valia "will")
manta "wealth, property"
Able to get wealth
Gedgaudas (Gedigold)
gedauti "yearn"
gaudyti "catch"
Seeking to catch (hunt?)
Gedivilas (Edivil)
gedauti "yearn"
viltis "hope"
Yearning for hope, yearning for hope
Ginvilas (Ginvil)
ginti "defend"
viltis "hope"
Hope of defense
Gintautas (Gintovt)
ginti "defend"
tauta "people"
Defender of the people (cf. Polish. Bronislaw, gr. Alexander)
Girdivilas (Yerdivil)
girdas "hearing, news" ( girdėti "hear")
viltis "hope"
News of Hope
Daugirdas (Dovgird)
daug "a lot"
girdas "hearing, news" ( girdėti "hear")
Well-known (a lot of hearing)
Yomantas (Yamont)
joti "ride"
manta "wealth, property"
Rich Horseman (riding astride wealth)
Minigail
mintis "thought"
gailas out of date. strong ( galia "power", galiūnas strongman)
Strong in thought
Radvilas (Radvil, Radivil)
rado "he found"
viltis "hope"
Finding hope
Sirvidas (Sirvid)
ap sirti out of date. "surround" (lat. sirot "attack")
iš vydo "he u vieweating "
Seer attack (visible in battle)
Some features of the transfer of Lithuanian names in medieval sources
Since the late adoption of Christianity, the Lithuanian writing took shape only in the 16th century, the ancient Lithuanian names were recorded in foreign-language monuments written in Ruthenian, Latin and German (moreover, Latin sources usually transmit German or Polish transcription, depending on by whom they are written). The transfer of Lithuanian names in these sources is sometimes inaccurate, but often it is characterized by regular deviations from the norms of the Lithuanian language:
a) Lithuanian ending of the nominative case
In Lithuanian, all masculine nouns have an ending in the nominative case (-as, -is, -ys, -us, -ius). This distinguishes the Lithuanian language from the Slavic and Germanic languages. The ending is the part of the word that will change with declension. For example, the name Gediminas in Lithuanian is inclined as follows: Gediminas, Gedimino, Gediminui, Gediminą, Gedimine, su Gediminu, Gediminai !, which corresponds to the Russian declension of Gediminas, Gediminas, Gediminas, Gediminas, with Gediminas, in Gediminas, Gediminas! Due to the fact that the ending of the nominative case is absent in the mentioned languages, it was omitted in the entries of Lithuanian names. In the modern transcription of Lithuanian names and surnames, it is customary to preserve these endings.
In Ruthenian (Old Russian) records of Lithuanian names, the ending “-as” was replaced with a hard sign (b), and the ending “-is, -ys” with a soft sign (b), sometimes with “-i”, “-i” (for example, Vytenis - Vitenia, Traidenis - Troidenia, Troideni, Girdenis - Herden). In German and Latin sources, patterns of transmission of Lithuanian endings are not observed. Some Lithuanian names had relic endings of an indefinite genus (disappeared in the Lithuanian grammatical system) “-a”, which was transmitted in Ruthenian sources, either as “-a” or as “-o”.b) Transmission of vowels at the beginning and in the middle of a word
The Lithuanian short “a” as a rule turns into “about” in Ruthenian sources, since the “a” in the Ruthenian language has always been long (for example, the names of the inhabited places in the 1387 letter of the letter Troki, Voikguva correspond to Lithuanian Trakai, Vaiguva).
The long Lithuanian “a” is referred to in Rusin sources as “a,” but in modern Lithuanian it has already become “o” (so, for example, Jagaila is written Jogaila). Back in the 16th century. together the modern Lithuanian “o” in the Lithuanian texts was written “a”. This ancient “a” has been preserved in some Aukstein dialects to this day.
The Lithuanian “ė” (pronounced German “eh”) was transmitted in Ruthenian sources as “I” (after “w” - as “a”, for example, Shatei - Šėtijai), and now it is customary to transfer it with the letter “e”.
Naturally, the longitude of the vowels could not be reflected (“y” is short and long - “u” and “ū”; “and” is short and long - “i” and “y”).c) Transfer of consonants
The main difficulty arose with the transfer of the Lithuanian “g” to the ancestors of Ukrainians and Belarusians who do not have such a consonant (the letter “g”, as you know, they pronounce as “h”). In the Ipatiev Chronicle, for example, the Lithuanian “g” is transmitted in three ways: as “k” (Dausprungas - Dovsprunk, Gintibutas - Kintibut, Ligeikis - Lycian, Lyikeik, Vaišalgas - Voishelk, cf. Voishelgin the Novgorod First Annals, Butigeidis - Budikid, cf. Butegeydein the act of 1290), sometimes as “ kg"(Lengvenis - Longogveni, Longkveni), « g " [h] (Mindaugas - Mindovg), and sometimes completely omitted (Girdivilas - Yerdivil, Gedivydas - acc. sg. Individual).
In general, the correct forms of Lithuanian names are often easily restored when compared with current Lithuanian surnames and words.Main literature
1. Kazys Kuzavinis, Bronys Savukynas. Lietuvių vardų kilmės žodynas \u003d Etymological Dictionary of Lithuanian Personal Names \u003d Etymologisches Wörterbuch der litauischen Vornamen. - 2-as stereotipinis leid. - Vilnius: Mokslo ir enciklopedijų leidykla, 1994.
2. Kazimieras Būga. Rinktiniai raštai. - Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla, 1958. - T. 1. - P. 227-231. [Selected Works by Casimeras Bugi, vol. 1]
3. Lietuvių pavardžių žodynas / Vanagas A., Maciejauskienė V., Razmukaitė M. - Vilnius, 1985-1989. - T. 1-2. [Dictionary of Lithuanian last names]
select a country and click on it - a page with lists of popular names will open
Lithuania, 2015
State in Northeast Europe. It borders with Latvia, Poland, Belarus, Russia. The capital is Vilnius. The population is 2 898 062 (2015, estimate, 3 053 800 according to the 2011 census). The ethnic composition of the country according to the 2011 census is: Lithuanians (84.16%), Poles (6.58%), Russians (5.81%), Belarusians (1.19%). Religious affiliation of the population: Catholics (77.3%), Orthodox (4.1%), non-believers (6.1%). The official language is Lithuanian.
The official registration of names in the country is handled by the Resident Registration Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Lithuania (Gyventojų registro tarnybos). On her website at the moment (as of June 22, 2016), lists of the ten most popular names of newborns registered between 01.01.2015-30.06.2015 and 01.07.201531.12.2015 are published. Previously, statistics were given both throughout Lithuania and for individual cities: Vilnius, Klaipeda, Kaunas, Šiauliai, Panevezys and Alytus, but now such data are not published. The website of the Department of Statistics of Lithuania also publishes lists of the ten most popular names - separately for newborns and for residents of the country of all ages (currently there are statistics for the 1st and second half of 2015, for 2014, 2013 and 2005. In addition, they are given information on the ten most common surnames - both the entire population and newborns (currently for 2014, 2013 and 2005).
On the Internet you can find lists and the 20 most common names of newborns in Lithuania for the period starting from 1999. At the same time, the same Resident Registration Service is indicated as the source of these data. There is no such detailed data on her website. Perhaps they can be found in reports published by the Department of Statistics for the general population. Including by name.
For those who want to learn more about Lithuanian names, I also offer information on the etymology of some of the names. In general, Lithuanian names are quite large in comparison with other peoples of the Baltic states. If famous Christian names are easily recognized in the list of frequent names of Latvians and Estonians, then the phonetics of the Lithuanian language adapts names from the common European fund more radically and they are not always recognizable to an outside observer. In addition, among the popular names of Lithuanians there are several original personal names, that is, formed from the words of the Lithuanian language.
Names of boys
Names of girls
Some differences by city in 2015
Names of boys
Names of girls
(1, 2, 3 - place in the frequency list)Etymologies of male names (optional)
Adomas - “relative” of the name Adam, Hebrew ("man"). Lithuanians also know variations of this name Adam, Adamas, Adanas, Adem, Adomis.
Arnas - derived full names with component Arn-. It is above all Arnoldas. Arn- goes back to ancient german arn "eagle".
Dovydas - “relative” of the name David, Hebrew ("beloved").
Gustas - 1. From Lithuanian gustas (“Taste, desire, mood”) or from gusti ("find out"). 2. Short form of the Latin name Augustas ("Sacred, majestic"). 3. Derived Scandinavian name Gustavas (“Battle” + “wand”).
Kajus - 1. Matching the Latin Name Gaius (“Rejoice”). 2. Perhaps Greek (“earthly”).
Mantas - Lithuanian, possibly from mantus (“Smart”) or from mantas ("Property, treasure").
Matas - "relative" of the name Matvey Hebrew ("the gift of [God] Yahweh").
Nojus - “Relative” of the Biblical Name Noah, Hebrew ("rest, peace").
Rokas - “relative” of the name Rochus (Latinized from German Rohwald, “battle cry” + “rule, dominate”)Etymologies of Female Names (optional)
Austėja - In Lithuanian mythology Austeya is a female deity of bees (there was also a male deity - Bubilas). Etymologically related to the words austi ("weave"), audėja ("weaver"), audimas ("weaving"). The short form of the name is Auste
Gabija - In Lithuanian mythology, Gabia is the goddess of fire. The same name was used to name the fire of the hearth, which was considered sacred. Etymologically related to the word gaubti (“Cover, protect”).
Goda - from Lithuanian goda (“Thought, dream”, also “honor, glory, respect”).
Ieva - “Relative” of the Biblical Name Eve, Hebrew ("life, vital").
Miglė - from Lithuanian migla "fog".
Rugilė - from Lithuanian rugys ("rye").
Saulė - in Lithuanian and Latvian mythology this is the name of the daughter of the supreme god. Lithuanian sáulē and Latvian saũle mean “sun” and are related to Russian the sun. Name Saulė in Lithuania in 2009 rose to 12th place. In some cities, it was in the top ten (in Alytus in 2010, in Vilnius and Kaunas in 2006). I would not focus on this name, if not for one interesting coincidence. Cossacks know and very often a female name Saule which etymologists elevate to Kazakh sule "a ray of light".
Ugnė - from Lithuanian ugnis ("the fire"). Male Name Availability Ugnius from the same word allows us to assume that at first a male name arose, and from it a female name Ugnė.
Urtė - 1. Ancient Germanic (“sword”). 2. A connection with the name of the source of Urd in Scandinavian mythology is likely - it was located under the roots of the world tree and is supposedly translated as “fate”. 3. Derived also from Lithuanian words urtas (“Great desire; self-confidence”), from Danish urt "Plants, herbs" and even from Albanian urti "Wise." 4. Also considered as a variant of the Hebrew name Ruth (possibly a “girlfriend”) and Dorothea - Greek (“gift” + “god”).
Viltė - from Lithuanian viltis ("hope").
At first glance, the Lithuanian names sound somewhat exotic and unusual. But if you listen carefully, it turns out that these are overwhelmingly pan-European names that are of biblical origin, but are lithuanized and have acquired a national flavor.
Today, children are increasingly given one name, although Lithuanians have traditionally been given two for centuries. Some parents still remain faithful to this tradition. However, in everyday life, only one first name is usually used.
Names of men
Most male Lithuanian names end in –s. If the name also has a female variant, then the ending –a is simply added to it.
In the dictionary of names you can find the ancient names of the princes. These names are now called children. Here is some of them:
- Kestutis (patient).
- Gedeminas (under the protection of God).
- Radvila (the one who found hope).
- Algirdas (known for reward).
- Vytautas (leader of the people).
- Yogaila (strong rider).
The Lithuanian language has several roots, which are especially often used for the formation of names. Such roots include kant (patient), mines (thought), pitchfork (hope), guy (regret), taut (people).
However, as in many other countries, Christian names remade in a local way are especially popular in Lithuania. Here are some examples of male names:
- Antanas (invaluable) - Lithuanian Anthony or Anton.
- Povilas (small) - Lithuanian Pavel.
- Jurgis (farmer) - Lithuanian George.
- Jonas (mercy of the Lord) - Lithuanian John.
- Andrius (courageous) - Lithuanian Andrey.
In Lithuanian, names that were once formed from nicknames are still widely used:
- Kupros (humpbacked).
- Vilkas (wolf).
- Majulis (small).
- Lokis (bear).
- Juodgalvis (black-headed).
- Jaunutis (young).
Also preserved are the names derived from the names of plants, natural phenomena:
- Linas (flax).
- Aivaras (beautiful as the moon).
- Aydas (echo).
- Azuolas (oak).
- Gintaras (amber).
Names of women
All female names end in either –a and –i, or –e.
Among the Lithuanian female names, many of those that once belonged to pagan goddesses are still preserved:
- Milda (goddess of love).
- Lyme (goddess of birth and life).
- Race (goddess of morning dew).
- Alge (angel).
- Gabia (goddess of fire).
- Yurate (goddess of the seas).
- Austeia (goddess of bees).
Also popular are names derived from natural phenomena:
- Roger (rose).
- Egle (spruce).
- Gintare (amber).
- Saule (the sun).
- Outra (Dawn).
- Ramune (chamomile).
- Audra (storm).
Sometimes names are used that designate rivers and places, for example, Ula or Neringa.
Very often, parents, wanting to lay good and bright in their daughter, call her beautiful names that indicate the desired character traits:
- Rimante (calm).
- Jadwiga (struggling).
- Giedre (serene).
- Agne (chaste, holy).
- Ramute (quiet).
- Yumante (insightful).
- Vitaly (vital).
Most Popular Boys Names
According to statistics, today parents most often choose the name Matas for their son (in Russian, Matvey, a gift from Yahweh). Next on the list are Lucas (in Russian, Luca, light), Dominikas (in Russian Dominic, belonging to God), Gustas (Gustav in or August, according to different versions can mean magnificent, sacred, battle + rod, desire, taste, mood ), Noyus (Noah, rest, peace).
Parents like these options:
- Algis (lancer).
- Neman (name of the river).
- Mantas (smart, treasure).
- Dovmont (very smart).
- Kayus (to rejoice).
- Bag (bear).
Most popular names for girls
First places in popularity are:
- Emilia (passionate, impatient, according to other sources - a rival).
- Ieva (from Eve, that is, giving life).
- Camille (camomile).
- Yurt (according to different versions - a sword, fate, wise, great desire, self-confident, girlfriend or a gift from God).
Of interest are also such names that Lithuanian parents also love:
- Years (dream).
- Unghe (fire).
- Daina (song).
- Vite (hope).
A name is a storehouse of information. Not only Lithuanian names, but also Lithuanian surnames say a lot. But Lithuanian citizens have not had a middle name in recent times. And the Russians who move here for permanent residence and take Lithuanian citizenship are deprived of their father's name in the documents.
Lithuanian names sound unusual for residents of Russia. Remain in the memory of tourists from Russia and amazing. When traveling to Lithuania, be sure to buy souvenirs as a keepsake, as well as gifts for loved ones. What to choose? Read on.
A correctly chosen name has a strong positive influence on the character, aura and fate of a person. It actively helps to develop, forms positive qualities of character and condition, strengthens health, removes various negative programs of the unconscious. But how to choose the perfect name?
Despite the fact that in culture there are interpretations of what masculine names mean, in reality the influence of the name on each boy is individual.
Sometimes parents try to choose a name before birth, preventing the child from forming. Astrology and numerology of the choice of a name have squandered all serious knowledge about the influence of a name on fate over the centuries.
Calendars of Christmas time, holy people, without the consultation of a seeing, perspicacious specialist do not provide any real help in assessing the influence of names on the fate of a child.
And the lists of ... popular, happy, beautiful, melodic male names completely turn a blind eye to individuality, energy, the soul of the child and turn the selection process into an irresponsible game of parents in fashion, selfishness and ignorance.
Beautiful and modern Lithuanian names should first of all suit the child, and not the relative external criteria of beauty and fashion. Who do not care about the life of your child.
The various characteristics of statistics - the positive features of a name, the negative features of a name, the choice of a profession by name, the effect of a name on a business, the effect of a name on health, the psychology of a name can only be considered in the context of an in-depth analysis of subtle plans (karma), energy construction, the task of life and kind of specific child.
The topic of compatibility of names (rather than people's characters) is an absurdity that turns the internal mechanisms of the influence of the name on the state of its carrier from the inside out on the interactions of different people. And it annihilates the whole psyche, unconscious, energy and behavior of people. It reduces to one false characteristic the whole multidimensionality of human interaction.
The meaning of the name has no literal effect. For example, Raimondas (a wise advocate) does not mean that a young person will be strong, and people with other names will be weak. A name can weaken health, block the heart center, and he will not be able to give and receive love. On the contrary, another boy will help solve problems of love or power, greatly facilitate life and achievement of goals. The third boy may not have any effect whatsoever that there is a name, that there is no. Etc. Moreover, all these children can be born on the same day. And have the same astrological, numerological and other characteristics.
The most popular Lithuanian names for boys are also a misconception. 95% of boys call names that do not facilitate fate. You can focus only on the innate nature of the child, the spiritual vision and wisdom of an experienced specialist.
The mystery of a man’s name, as a program of the unconscious, a sound wave, vibration is revealed by a special bouquet primarily in a person, and not in the semantic meaning and characterization of the name. And if this name destroys the child, then it would not be beautiful, melodious with patronymic, exact, gracious, it would still be harm, destruction of character, complication of life and aggravation of fate.
Below is a list of Lithuanian names. Try to choose some that are most suitable for your child. Then if you are interested in the effectiveness of the influence of a name on fate, .
List of male Lithuanian names alphabetically:
Azuolas - Oak
Aljimantas - rich
Algis - rich
Andrius - man, warrior
Antanas is invaluable
Arnas - Lord of the Eagle
Augustas - the venerable
Augustinas - the venerable
Bronislavas is a great defender
Bronius - Great Defender
Victoras - conquer, victory
Wilhelmas - helmet
Vincentas the Conqueror
Virginia Bearer
Vytautas - the leader of people
Giedrius - the serene
Gintaras - Amber
Jonas - good god
Jozas - he will increase
Jozapas - he will increase
Casimeras is a famous speaker
Karolis is a man
Leonas is a lion
Linas - Flax
Ludvikas - famous warrior
Marius - man, mature
Mikolas - who is like a god?
Paulus - small
Prancishkus - free
Pyatras - rock, stone
Raymondas is a wise protector
Ramunas - calm
Steponas - crown
Thomas is a twin
Henrikas - housekeeper
Jurgis is a peasant
Justinas - Fair
Remember! Choosing a name for a child is a huge responsibility. With a name you can both greatly facilitate a person’s life and harm.
How to choose the right, strong and suitable name for a child in 2019?
Let's analyze your name - find out right now the meaning of the name in the fate of the child! Write to Votsap, Telegram, Viber +7 926 697 00 47
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